Cats are known for their colouring patterns, makings and distinctive coats. Because of these traits they are said to be a part of a particular breed, which is not true.
Tri colours cats are considered to be Calicos. The tri colour appears in other cats breed also but it does not mean it is a Calico cat for example The Himalayan and Javanese breed have tri colour pattern but their colour pattern are smaller in comparison to calico cats.
Calico Cats is not a breed it's the colouration in them which gives them a name. They can occur in several breeds for example Manx, American short and American Long hair.
There are different types of cats which have unique coat patterns some of them are
Calico Cats: Calico cats have tri colour present on their coat. The most common colours are white, black, orange or red.
Tortoiseshell Cat: Tortoiseshell cats have colour patterns of orange and black fur mixed. These cats have little or no white fur on their skin
Tabby Cat: The stripes, colouring and spots which are on the body of a cat refers to a Tabby cat. They have a distinctive feature that is the letter Mon their fore head
Torbies: These Cats have the mixture of Tortoiseshell and Tabby patterns in them
Maltese cats: Maltese Cats refers to the colouration which is mostly in blue and grey fur.